Columbia, South Carolina – A rare Midwest earthquake early Tuesday is now drawing attention across South Carolina as an unusually strong surge of Arctic air pushes deep into the Southeast, driving temperatures sharply lower and creating conditions that could lead to frost quakes during the coldest overnight hours.
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, a 3.5 magnitude earthquake struck central Illinois shortly before 2 a.m. Tuesday, centered about 35 miles south of Springfield. The shallow quake was felt across a wide portion of Illinois, with thousands reporting shaking and loud rumbles before sunrise. While no damage was reported, seismic events of this size are uncommon in the Midwest, making the timing notable as extreme cold spreads well beyond its typical reach.
As the deep freeze reaches South Carolina, geologists say rapid temperature drops can trigger frost quakes, also known as cryoseisms. These occur when moisture in the ground freezes suddenly, causing soil and rock to contract and fracture. The result can be a loud boom or brief shaking that may rattle homes, particularly overnight or just before dawn.
Upstate and inland portions of South Carolina, including Columbia, Greenville, Spartanburg, Rock Hill, and parts of the Midlands, may be more susceptible as temperatures plunge into rare cold territory following recent rainfall. Frost quakes are shallow and localized but can crack pavement, foundations, and underground utilities, especially in areas not accustomed to prolonged freezes.
State emergency officials emphasize that frost quakes are not tied to fault lines and do not signal larger earthquakes. Residents are encouraged to remain alert during the coldest hours, inspect property if shaking or loud booms are noticed, and report unusual ground movement to local authorities or the USGS. With dangerous cold expected to persist through midweek, additional advisories or alerts may be issued as conditions continue to evolve.
