Sioux Falls, South Dakota – As winter cold tightens its grip across South Dakota into February, animal welfare experts are urging pet owners to take heightened precautions as prolonged extreme cold continues to pose serious risks for pets statewide. In the Northern Plains, exposure to subzero temperatures, wind, and snow can overwhelm animals quickly, even during brief trips outdoors.
According to the American Red Cross, pets should be brought indoors as much as possible during extended cold stretches. Animals left outside can suffer from hypothermia, frostbite, and disorientation in a short period of time. Cold weather can also turn parked vehicles into dangerous environments that trap frigid air, making it unsafe to leave pets unattended even briefly.
The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals warns that frostbite in pets most often affects ears, paws, tails, and noses first. In extreme cold, frostbite can begin developing in as little as 5 to 10 minutes, especially when strong winds are present. Damage may not be immediately visible and can worsen hours or days later. Signs of hypothermia include intense shivering, weakness, slowed movement, lethargy, or seeking warm places to burrow. Pets showing these symptoms should be brought indoors immediately and evaluated by a veterinarian.
Winter hazards extend beyond temperature alone. The ASPCA notes that salt and ice-melting chemicals commonly used on roads, sidewalks, and parking lots can irritate paws and become toxic if ingested. Pet owners are encouraged to wipe paws, legs, and bellies after walks, inspect for cracks or redness, and use pet-friendly ice melt products when possible. Booties or vet-approved paw protectants can provide added protection during repeated outings.
Experts also recommend limiting bathing during cold spells to prevent dry skin, keeping coats dry, and providing slightly increased calories to help pets maintain body heat. Pets should have warm, draft-free sleeping areas off the floor, and antifreeze spills should be cleaned immediately, as ingestion can be fatal.
With extreme cold expected to linger into mid-February, the Red Cross advises families to include pets in winter emergency plans and keep several days’ worth of food, water, and medications on hand to help keep South Dakota’s pets safe through the coldest stretch of winter.
